BURIALS NEARBY GANYUSHKINO AS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE KALMYK BURIAL RITE FROM THE XVIII TO THE XX CENTURIES
ЗАХОРОНЕНИЯ У ПОС. ГАНЮШКИНО КАК ИСТОЧНИК ПО ИЗУЧЕНИЮ ПРОЦЕССОВ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ПОГРЕБАЛЬНОГО ОБРЯДА КАЛМЫКОВ С XVIII ПО XX ВВ.
Koltsov P.M. Koltsova K.P. Kasenov M.S.
2024Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan, A.Kh. Khalikov Archaeology Institute
Arkheologiia Evraziiskikh Stepei
2024Issue 1318 - 330 pp.
The paper presents information about the Kalmyk burials of the XVIII–XX centuries, revealed near the settlement of Ganyushkino (modern Kurmangazy) in the Kurmangazy District of the Atyrau Region (Republic of Kazakhstan). In the context of the analysis of materials, variations in the orientation of the deceased in relation to the cardinal directions are clearly seen: head to the east when buried in the ground at a shallow depth; head to the west or east when buried in coffins. This is evidence of religious syncretism, when traditional rituals are combined with Buddhist and Christian prescriptions. The above data allow us to trace the transformation of the Kalmyk burial rites from inhumation on the earth surface to underground burial, including in coffins. The latter trend has become dominant since the end of the XIX century, and then the only form of the burial rite of the Kalmyks in the XX–XXI centuries.
archaeology , Baer knolls , burial rite , coffins , copper coins , Ganyushkino , inhumation , interdisciplinary approach , Republic of Kazakhstan , syncretism , traditional ritual
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Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Pushkin St., 11, Elista, 358000, Russian Federation
The Atyrau Regional Historical and Local Museum, B.Momishuly str., 3, Atyrau, 060002, Kazakhstan
Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov
The Atyrau Regional Historical and Local Museum
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