Late diagnosis of CKD and associated survival after initiation of renal replacement therapy in Kazakhstan: analysis of nationwide electronic healthcare registry 2014–2019
Kim V. Zhakhina G. Gusmanov A. Sakko Y. Kim M. Madikenova M. Kuanshaliyeva Z. Issanov A. Assan A. Khvan M. Nabiyev A. Altynova S. Gaipov A.
2024Taylor and Francis Ltd.
Renal Failure
2024#46Issue 2
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a significant global health challenge, often progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) necessitating renal replacement therapy (RRT). Late referral (LR) to nephrologists before RRT initiation is linked with adverse outcomes. However, data on CKD diagnosis and survival post-RRT initiation in Kazakhstan remain limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of late CKD diagnosis on survival prognosis after RRT initiation. Data were acquired from the Unified National Electronic Health System (UNEHS) for CKD patients initiating RRT between 2014 and 2019. Survival post-RRT initiation was assessed using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model. Totally, 211,655 CKD patients were registered in the UNEHS databases and 9,097 (4.3%) needed RRT. The most prevalent age group among RRT patients is 45–64 years, with a higher proportion of males (56%) and Kazakh ethnicity (64%). Seventy-four percent of patients were diagnosed late. The median follow-up time was 537 (IQR: 166–1101) days. Late diagnosis correlated with worse survival (HR = 1.18, p < 0.001). Common comorbidities among RRT patients include hypertension (47%), diabetes (21%), and cardiovascular diseases (26%). The history of transplantation significantly influenced survival. Regional disparities in survival probabilities were observed, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts in healthcare delivery. This study underscores the substantial burden of CKD in Kazakhstan, with a majority of patients diagnosed late. Early detection strategies and timely kidney transplantation emerge as crucial interventions to enhance survival outcomes.
Chronic kidney disease , end-stage renal disease , late diagnosis , renal replacement therapy , survival prognosis
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Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Clinical Academic Department of Internal Medicine, CF “University Medical Center”, Astana, Kazakhstan
School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Department of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan
Department of Medical and Regulatory Affairs, CF “University Medical Center”, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Medicine
Clinical Academic Department of Internal Medicine
School of Population and Public Health
Department of Medicine
Department of Medical and Regulatory Affairs
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