What Animal Cancers teach us about Human Biology
Kattner P. Zeiler K. Herbener V.J. Ferla-Bröhl K.L. Kassubek R. Grunert M. Burster T. Bröhl O. Weber A.S. Strobel H. Karpel-Massler G. Ott S. Hagedorn A. Tews D. Schulz A. Prasad V. Siegelin M.D. Nonnenmacher L. Fischer-Posovszky P. Halatsch M.-E. Debatin K.-M. Westhoff M.-A.
2021Ivyspring International Publisher
Theranostics
2021#11Issue 146682 - 6702 pp.
Cancers in animals present a large, underutilized reservoir of biomedical information with critical implication for human oncology and medicine in general. Discussing two distinct areas of tumour biology in non-human hosts, we highlight the importance of these findings for our current understanding of cancer, before proposing a coordinated strategy to harvest biomedical information from non-human resources and translate it into a clinical setting. First, infectious cancers that can be transmitted as allografts between individual hosts, have been identified in four distinct, unrelated groups, dogs, Tasmanian devils, Syrian hamsters and, surprisingly, marine bivalves. These malignancies might hold the key to improving our understanding of the interaction between tumour cell and immune system and, thus, allow us to devise novel treatment strategies that enhance anti-cancer immunosurveillance, as well as suggesting more effective organ and stem cell transplantation strategies. The existence of these malignancies also highlights the need for increased scrutiny when considering the existence of infectious cancers in humans. Second, it has long been understood that no linear relationship exists between the number of cells within an organism and the cancer incidence rate. To resolve what is known as Petos Paradox, additional anticancer strategies within different species have to be postulated. These naturally occurring idiosyncrasies to avoid carcinogenesis represent novel potential therapeutic strategies.
anticancer mechanisms , infectious tumour , non-human malignancies , paediatric cancer , Peto s paradox , transmissible cancer
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Laboratorio Analisi Sicilia Catania, Lentini, SR, Italy
Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Department of Nuclear Medicine, German Armed Forces Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
Animal Research Center, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine
Department of Neurosurgery
Laboratorio Analisi Sicilia Catania
Department of Neurology
Department of Nuclear Medicine
Department of Nuclear Medicine
Department of Biology
Department of Pathology and Cell Biology
Animal Research Center
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes
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