Exploring HPV vaccine knowledge, attitudes, barriers and information sources among parents, health professionals and teachers in Kazakhstan: A mixed-methods study protocol
Kassymbekova F. Zhetpisbayeva I. Tcoy E. Dyussenov R. Davletov K. Rommel A. Glushkova N.
22 September 2023BMJ Publishing Group
BMJ Open
2023#13Issue 9
Introduction Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection linked to certain types of malignant neoplasms, notably cervical cancer (CC). In Kazakhstan, a high prevalence of high oncogenic HPV types (HR-HPV) has been observed, and CC ranks as the second most common malignancy among women with a crude incidence rate of 18.3 cases per 100 000 women. The HPV vaccine, developed as the primary prevention measure against HPV infection, including the most prevalent HR-HPV, received approval from the WHO in 2009. In 2014, Kazakhstan initiated HPV vaccination as a pilot project in four sub-national regions; however, it was later in 2017 discontinued due to widespread parental refusal influenced by negative media reports. This study aims to examine knowledge, attitudes, information sources, barriers to HPV vaccination and factors associated with HPV vaccination hesitancy among different target groups in Kazakhstan prior to the HPV vaccine re-launch announced by the Ministry of Health. Methods and analysis This mixed-method-designed research comprises quantitative and qualitative components. Data on HPV awareness, attitudes towards HPV vaccination and sources of information will be collected through an online survey administered by parents and legal guardians, health professionals, and schoolteachers in the Republic of Kazakhstan between January 2023 and January 2024. Additionally, qualitative data on Kazakhstani parental beliefs and attitudes toward HPV vaccination will be collected through online focus group discussions. Ethics and dissemination of results The study has been approved by the local ethics committee at the Kazakhstan Medical University Higher School of Public Health(KMU KSPH) (No. 138 of 31.05.2021). The results will be reported in publications, at conferences among researchers and healthcare and school education professionals in Kazakhstan, and internationally.
Adolescent , Gynaecological oncology , Head & neck tumours , Primary Health Care , Primary Prevention , PUBLIC HEALTH
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Department of Public Health and Social Sciences, Kazakhstan Medical University KSPH, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Health Research Center, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Epidemiology and Health Monotoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Evidence Based Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Public Health and Social Sciences
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Health Research Center
Epidemiology and Health Monotoring
Department of Epidemiology
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