Efficiency of drip irrigation in amaranth production using the HYDRUS-1D model
Karimov A. Khalikov B. Isaev S. Sindarov O. Khayitov K. Avliyakulov M. Isashov A. Bulanbayeva P. Djumanazarova A. Muhammadov Y. Rajabov N. Murtazayeva G. Kurbanov S. Allanov K. Khaitov B.
2025Frontiers Media SA
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
2025#9
The negative impact of climate change is potentially damaging agroecosystem services that have constrained agricultural production and caused water scarcity in Central Asian countries, particularly in Uzbekistan. This study evaluates the efficiency of full (FDI) and deficit (DDI) drip irrigation regimes for amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) cultivation in the Tashkent region of Uzbekistan using the HYDRUS-1D simulation model. Field experiments were conducted over two growing seasons, accompanied by soil moisture monitoring, root zone analysis, and crop performance measurements while the accuracy of the obtained results was assessed against ground measured data. The results showed that compared to the FDI regime, amaranth under the DDI improved water productivity by 56.5% while exhibiting tolerance to water scarcity. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between the simulated and observed SWC data for both irrigation regimes (R2 = 0.862 for FDI and R2 = 0.936 for DDI), indicating the model’s predictive reliability. Although FDI produced higher yield (2004 kg/ha) over the two-year period, which was 25% (2 t ha−1) higher than the DDI regime (1,604 kg/ha). However, DDI demonstrated significantly greater water productivity (56.5% higher), attributed to reduced unproductive evaporation and the C4 nature of amaranth. Root system analysis revealed deeper penetration under DDI, suggesting adaptive responses to water stress. The findings of this study suggest that implementing precise irrigation technology in amaranth cultivation combined with the use of the HYDRUS-1D model in the context of inevitable climate change, can ensure the long-term sustainable management of water and land resources in arid regions. Copyright
amaranth , arid region , crop yield , drip irrigation , HYDRUS-1D simulation model , water use efficiency
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National Research University Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanical Engineers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Cotton Breeding, Seed Production and Agrotechnologies Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies, Andijan, Uzbekistan
Department of Water Resources and Land Management, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan
Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies of Karakalpakstan, Karakalpakstan, Nukus, Uzbekistan
Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Department of Physiology, Karshi State University, Karshi, Uzbekistan
Department of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
National Research University Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanical Engineers
Cotton Breeding
Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Department of Water Resources and Land Management
Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies of Karakalpakstan
Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics
Department of Physiology
Department of Agriculture and Land Reclamation
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