Improved hepatoblast differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells by coffee bean derived graphene quantum dots

Kang H.K. Kim D.J. Kim M.S. Kim D.-H. Lee J.Y. Sung E.-A. Sarsenova M. Chae Park S. Hong B.H. Kang K.-S.
July 2022 Institute of Physics

2D Materials
2022 #9 Issue 3

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been found to promote the efficient differentiation of stem cells into a variety of cell types. However, their bioactivity and signaling mechanisms in the hepatic lineage have not been fully investigated. Here, we report that the hepatoblast (HB) differentiation rate can be promoted by using Ca2+-rich coffee bean (CB)-derived GQDs, where the incorporated calcium ions activate the signaling of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)-protein kinase B (AKT). We also found that the human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived HBs from the CB-GQD treatment tend to upregulate the maturation into hepatocyte-like cells and downregulate the differentiation towards cholangiocytes, thereby successfully obtaining a large number of functional hepatocyte-like cells. Moreover, the activation of IGF1R from the CB-GQD treatment enhances the HB differentiation efficiency regardless of growth factors, implying that chelated calcium may play a key role in activating IGF1R. Our findings suggest that CB-GQDs with independent bioactivity can be widely used in place of IGF1 and represent a cost-effective growth factor as well as a potential differentiation factor.

differentiation , graphene quantum dots , hepatoblast , hepatocyte , IGF1R , pluripotent stem cells

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Adult Stem Cell Research Center, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
Graphene Square Inc., Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, 94143, CA, United States
Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, 07103, NJ, United States
Stem Cell Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Qorgaizhin Highway, Nur-sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
BioGraphene Inc., Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea

Adult Stem Cell Research Center
Graphene Square Inc.
Department of Medicine
Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine
Stem Cell Laboratory
Department of Chemistry
BioGraphene Inc.

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