Progress and innovation in key technologies for converting biomass to hydrogen
Kamshybayeva G.K. Sadvakasova A.K. Belkozhayev A.M. Kossalbayev B.D. Bauenova M.O. Zharmukhamedov S.K. Hou H.J.M. Allakhverdiev S.I.
27 March 2025Elsevier Ltd
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
2025#11390 - 106 pp.
The growing demand for clean energy has spotlighted biomass as a promising resource for sustainable hydrogen production, providing a carbon-neutral alternative to traditional fossil fuels. This review examines the latest advancements in converting biomass to hydrogen, focusing on thermochemical methods like gasification and pyrolysis, catalyst development, and biotechnological approaches such as dark fermentation and biophotolysis. While these methods offer substantial environmental benefits, including waste reduction and renewable energy generation, challenges persist in optimizing feedstock diversity, enhancing catalyst stability, and achieving cost-effective scalability. Innovations in plasma-assisted reforming, advanced nanocatalysts, and integrated reactor designs show promise in overcoming these barriers. By fostering collaboration across academia, industry, and government, these advancements can pave the way for a viable, sustainable hydrogen economy and contribute significantly to reducing global carbon emissions.
Biomass , Biophotolysis , Gasification , Hydrogen , Pyrolysis , Reforming
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Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Geology and Oil-Gas Business Institute Named After K. Turyssov, Satbayev University, Satpaev 22, Almaty, 050043, Kazakhstan
Ecology Research Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, 161200, Kazakhstan
Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32, West 7th Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
Institute of Basic Biological Problems, FRC PSCBR RAS, Moscow Region, Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation
Laboratory of Forensic Analysis and Photosynthesis, Department of Physical and Forensic Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, 36104, AL, United States
Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, К.А. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russian Federation
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
Ecology Research Institute
Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
Institute of Basic Biological Problems
Laboratory of Forensic Analysis and Photosynthesis
Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
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