Specificity of Thermal Destruction of Nonwoven Mixture Systems Based on Bast and Viscose Fibers
Kalauova A.S. Palchikova E.E. Makarov I.S. Shandryuk G.A. Abilkhairov A.I. Kalimanova D.Z. Naukenov M.Z. Shambilova G.K. Novikov E.M. Song J. Smyslov A.G.
May 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Polymers
2025#17Issue 9
The research investigates the thermal behavior of mixed systems based on natural and artificial cellulose fibers used as precursors for carbon nonwoven materials. Flax and hemp fibers were employed as natural components; they were first chemically treated to remove impurities and enriched with alpha-cellulose. The structure, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of both natural and viscose fibers were studied. It was shown that fiber properties depend on the fiber production process history; natural fibers are characterized by a high content of impurities and exhibit high strength characteristics, whereas viscose fibers have greater deformation properties. The thermal behavior of blended compositions was investigated using TGA and DSC methods across a wide range of component ratios. Carbon yield values at 1000 °C were found to be lower for blended systems containing 10–40% by weight of bast fibers, with carbon yield increasing as the quantity of natural fibers increased. Thus, the composition of the cellulose composite affects carbon yield and thermal processes in the system. Using the Kissinger method, data were obtained on the value of the activation energy of thermal decomposition for various cellulose and composite systems. It was found that natural fiber systems have three-times higher activation energy than viscose fiber systems, indicating their greater thermal stability. Blends of natural and artificial fibers combine the benefits of both precursors, enabling the deliberate regulation of thermal behavior and carbon material yield. This approach opens up prospects for the creation of functional carbon materials used in various high-tech areas, including thermal insulation.
activation energy , carbon yield , cellulose fibers , flax , hemp , Kissinger method , nonwoven materials , pyrolysis , viscose
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Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University, Studenchesky Ave. 1, Atyrau, 060011, Kazakhstan
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Ecology Named After N.K. Nadirov, Atyrau Oil and Gas University Named After S. Utebayev, M. Baimukhanov Street 45A, Atyrau, 060027, Kazakhstan
LLP «Kazakhstan Petrochemical Industries Inc.», Atyrau-Dossor Highway Building 295, Atyrau, 060000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, 87701, NM, United States
International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Ecology Named After N.K. Nadirov
LLP «Kazakhstan Petrochemical Industries Inc.»
Department of Chemistry
International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials
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