Application of a KOH-activated biochar for the activation of persulfate and the degradation of sulfamethoxazole
Kalampaliki D. Jayasinghe G.D.T.M. Avramiotis E. Manariotis I.D. Venieri D. Poulopoulos S.G. Szpunar J. Vakros J. Mantzavinos D.
June 2023Institution of Chemical Engineers
Chemical Engineering Research and Design
2023#194306 - 317 pp.
In this work, valorized biomass was simultaneously pyrolyzed and activated with potassium hydroxide to produce a biochar with specific surface area of 1148 m2g−1, i.e. ten times greater than the pristine material, and significant amounts of surface oxygen species and carbonates, as evidenced by XRD and FTIR characterization. The activated biochar (50–250 mgL−1) was employed for a first time as sodium persulfate (100–750 mgL−1) activator to induce the adsorption/oxidation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX: 0.25–1.5 mgL−1), a representative emerging micropollutant, in various water matrices, including the detailed study of different parameters in wastewater. In general, the degradation follows pseudo-first order kinetic law and the apparent constant was found to increase with increasing biochar, persulfate concentration and acidity of the solution and decreasing with SMX concentration, matrix complexity (from surface water or ultrapure water to actual or simulated wastewater). The mechanism of oxidation is mainly through radical pathway and/or electron transfer, while singlet oxygens contribution is inconsiderable, as evidenced by scavenging experiments and the structure of the various identified transformation products.
Antibiotics , Biochar , KOH Activation , Oxidation , Persulfate , Wastewater
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Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
Institute of Analytical and Physical Chemistry for the Environment and Materials (IPREM), UMR 5254, CNRS, University of Pau, Hélioparc, 2, av. Pr. Angot, Pau, 64053, France
Department of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, 73100, Greece
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, 2417, Cyprus
Department of Chemical Engineering
Institute of Analytical and Physical Chemistry for the Environment and Materials (IPREM)
Department of Civil Engineering
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
School of Sciences and Engineering
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