Optimization of Vertical Ultrasonic Attenuator Parameters for Reducing Exhaust Gas Smoke of Compression–Ignition Engines: Efficient Selection of Emitter Power, Number, and Spacing

Kadyrov A. Warguła Ł. Kukesheva A. Dyssenbaev Y. Kaczmarzyk P. Klapsa W. Wieczorek B.
July 2025 Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
2025 #15 Issue 14

Featured Application: Reducing exhaust gas smoke by optimizing vertical ultrasonic attenuator parameters is intended to reduce particulate matter (PM) emitted by compression–ignition (diesel) engines, primarily used in non-road applications. These include power units in agricultural, construction, forestry, mining machinery, and mobile or stationary power generation systems. Compression–ignition engines emit particulate matter (PM) (soot), prompting the widespread use of diesel particulate filters (DPFs) in the automotive sector. An alternative method for PM reduction involves the use of ultrasonic waves to disperse and modify the structure of exhaust particles. This article presents experimental results of the effects of ultrasonic emitter parameters, including the number, arrangement, and power, along with the engine speed, on the exhaust smoke density. Tests were conducted on a laboratory prototype equipped with six ultrasonic emitters spaced 0.17 m apart. The exhaust source was a diesel engine from a construction excavator, based on the MTZ-80 tractor design, delivering 80 HP and a displacement of 4750 cm³. A regression model was developed to describe the relationship between the engine speed, emitter power and spacing, and smoke density. The optimal configuration was found to involve an emitter power of 319.35 W and a spacing of 1.361 m for a given engine speed. Under the most effective conditions—an engine speed of 1500 rpm, six active emitters, and a total power of 600 W—smoke emissions were reduced by 18%. These findings support the feasibility of using ultrasonic methods as complementary or alternative exhaust gas filtration techniques for non-road diesel engines.

diesel engine , exhaust gas cleaning , modify exhaust particle structures , reduction in particulate matter (PM) in the air , soot , ultrasonic muffler

Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи

Department of Transport Technology and Logistics Systems, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University NPJSC, Karaganda, 100027, Kazakhstan
Institute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, Poznań, 60-965, Poland
Scientific and Research Centre for Fire Protection, National Research Institute, Nadwiślańska 213, Józefów, 05-420, Poland

Department of Transport Technology and Logistics Systems
Institute of Machine Design
Scientific and Research Centre for Fire Protection

10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель

Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026