Essential Oil from the Aerial Parts of Artemisia serotina Bunge (Winter Wormwood) Growing in Kazakhstan—Phytochemical Profile and Bioactivity
Kadyrbay A. Ibragimova L.N. Iwan M. Ludwiczuk A. Biernasiuk A. Sakipova Z.B. Świątek Ł. Salwa K. Korga-Plewko A. Zhaparkulova K.A. Bekezhanova T.S. Józefczyk A. Szymańska J. Malm A.
July 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Molecules
2025#30Issue 14
Artemisia serotina Bunge represents one of the endemic Artemisia L. species in flora of Central Asia. There is scant information on the phytochemistry and biological activity of this species. The aim of the present study was to analyze the chemical composition of essential oil from A. serotina (ASEO) growing in south Kazakhstan, together with the determination of its biological activity. ASEO isolation was carried out by hydrodistillation according to the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Analysis of GC/MS data revealed that the most characteristic components of ASEO were irregular monoterpenes from three families: santolinane, artemisane, and lavandulane. The major compound was santolina alcohol (34.6%). Antimicrobial activity was studied against the reference bacterial and fungal strains using the recommended methods, allowing for an estimation of MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). ASEO was most effective against Candida albicans (MIC = 2 mg/mL), exerting fungicidal activity. Thw MIC for bacterial species was higher, i.e., 4–16 mg/mL. Antiviral activity was tested against Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and Human Herpesvirus type 1 (HHV-1) propagated in VERO cells. No antiviral effect against either virus was found at an ASEO concentration of 0.25 mg/mL, but a noticeable decrease in the intensity of HHV-1-related cytopathic effects was observed. Anticancer activity studies included several cancer cell lines. Cytotoxicity, cell cycle, thiol levels, and cell vitality were analyzed. Among the cancer cell lines tested, the breast cancer T47-D cell line exhibited the highest sensitivity to ASEO (IC50 = 40.81 ± 4.21 µg/mL at 24 h; IC50 = 33.17 ± 2.11 µg/mL at 48 h). The anticancer effect was suggested to be mainly due to the induction of cytostatic effects, accompanied by a disturbance of the intracellular redox balance. The obtained data provide novel information on the unique chemical composition of ASEO from south Kazakhstan, representing a new chemotype. Its bioactivity, including promising antifungal and anticancer properties, was demonstrated for the first time.
anticancer activity , antifungal activity , Artemisia serotina Bunge , breast carcinoma , Candida albicans , Central Asia , irregular monoterpenes , new chemotype , santolina alcohol
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School of Pharmacy, Asfendiarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole-bi Str. 94, Almaty, 000050, Kazakhstan
Pharmacy and Pharmacology Center, Asfendiarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole-bi Str. 94, Almaty, 000050, Kazakhstan
Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 6 Str., Lublin, 20-093, Poland
Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Str., Lublin, 20-093, Poland
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Str., Lublin, 20-093, Poland
Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Str., Lublin, 20-093, Poland
Independent Medical Biology Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b Str., Lublin, 20-090, Poland
Department of Biotechnology and General Chemical Engineering, Asfendiarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole-bi Str. 94, Almaty, 000050, Kazakhstan
Department of Engineering Disciplines and Good Practices, Asfendiarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole-bi Str. 94, Almaty, 000050, Kazakhstan
Department of Comprehensive Paediatric and Adult Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 6 Str., Lublin, 20-093, Poland
School of Pharmacy
Pharmacy and Pharmacology Center
Department of Toxicology
Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology
Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory
Independent Medical Biology Unit
Department of Biotechnology and General Chemical Engineering
Department of Engineering Disciplines and Good Practices
Department of Comprehensive Paediatric and Adult Dentistry
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