Genistein as a regulator of signaling pathways and microRNAs in different types of cancers
Javed Z. Khan K. Herrera-Bravo J. Naeem S. Iqbal M.J. Sadia H. Qadri Q.R. Raza S. Irshad A. Akbar A. Reiner Ž. Al-Harrasi A. Al-Rawahi A. Satmbekova D. Butnariu M. Bagiu I.C. Bagiu R.V. Sharifi-Rad J.
December 2021BioMed Central Ltd
Cancer Cell International
2021#21Issue 1
Cancers are complex diseases orchestrated by a plethora of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Research spanning over several decades has provided better understanding of complex molecular interactions responsible for the multifaceted nature of cancer. Recent advances in the field of next generation sequencing and functional genomics have brought us closer towards unravelling the complexities of tumor microenvironment (tumor heterogeneity) and deregulated signaling cascades responsible for proliferation and survival of tumor cells. Phytochemicals have begun to emerge as potent beneficial substances aimed to target deregulated signaling pathways. Isoflavonoid genistein is an essential phytochemical involved in regulation of key biological processes including those in different types of cancer. Emerging preclinical evidence have shown its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Testing of this substance is in various phases of clinical trials. Comprehensive preclinical and clinical trials data is providing insight on genistein as a modulator of various signaling pathways both at transcription and translation levels. In this review we have explained the mechanistic regulation of several key cellular pathways by genistein. We have also addressed in detail various microRNAs regulated by genistein in different types of cancer. Moreover, application of nano-formulations to increase the efficiency of genistein is also discussed. Understanding the pleiotropic potential of genistein to regulate key cellular pathways and development of efficient drug delivery system will bring us a step towards designing better chemotherapeutics.
Genistein , miRNAs , Nano-formulations , Signaling pathways , Therapeutics
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Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, DHA Phase-VI, Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile
Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4811230, Chile
School of Life Sciences, Lanzhuo University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
Department of Biotechnology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Department of Life Sciences, University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
High School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” From Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania
Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Timisoara, Romania
Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania
Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC)
Department of Healthcare Biotechnology
Departamento de Ciencias Básicas
Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics
School of Life Sciences
Department of Biotechnology
Department of Biotechnology
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Department of Life Sciences
Department of Microbiology
Department of Internal Medicine
Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre
High School of Medicine
Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” From Timisoara
Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology
Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance
Preventive Medicine Study Center
Phytochemistry Research Center
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