Enhancement of Fire Resistance in Cotton/Polyester and Cotton/Linen Blends Using Sol-Gel Derived Silicate/Phosphate Coatings
Jamanbayeva G.Z. Taussarova B.R. Burkitbay A. El-Sayed N. Hassabo A.G.
March 2026National Information and Documentation Centre
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
2026#69Issue 337 - 46 pp.
This research provides an overview of studies conducted on the usage of a novel composition containing sodium silicate, urea, and sodium hydrogen phosphate using sol-gel technology. The composition was designed to impart fire-retardant properties, to cotton based textiles (cotton/polyester (60/40) and cotton/linen (70/30)) using sol-gel technology. The factors affected the fire-retardant properties were investigated such as how temperature, heat treatment time, and starting component concentration. The fire-retardant properties of cotton-based fabrics are shown to alter at temperatures of 500, 600, and 750 °C. The three different types of heat treatment are investigated. The cotton-based fabrics treated with a fire-retardant compound had better fire-retardant characteristics than the untreated fabrics. When tested for flammability with a 15-second ignition time, untreated fabrics completely burns after 60 seconds. In fabrics treated with a fire retardant, a 15-second ignition period resulted in a minor smoldering duration. After modifying the surface of the treated cotton-based fabrics (cotton/polyester 60/40 and cotton/linen 70/30), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive microanalysis (EDX) provide that the untreated fabric contains 57.90% carbon and 42.10% oxygen while the treated fabrics provide containing sodium, silicon (4.44 and 2.79%), and phosphorus (9.96 and 4.84%) for both fabric respectively. In addition, cellulose materials that have been changed with compositions comprising sodium silicate, urea, and sodium hydrogen phosphate have better fire resistance. The recommended compositions provide greater fire resistance may be done using ordinary finishing without needing for a high-temperature fixing step.
fire retardant properties , sodium hydrogen phosphate , sodium silicate , sol-gel technology , textile materials , urea
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Almaty Technological University, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
School of Materials Science and Green Technologies, Kazakh British Technical University, St Tole bi 59, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
National Research Centre (Scopus affiliation ID 60014618), Textile Research and Technology Institute, Pretreatment and Finishing of Cellulose-based Textiles Department, 33 E l-Behouth St. (former El-Tahrir str.), Dokki, P.O 12622, Giza, Egypt
Almaty Technological University
School of Materials Science and Green Technologies
National Research Centre (Scopus affiliation ID 60014618)
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Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026