Eco-Friendly Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Cellulose Fibers and Silica Nanoparticles
Iskakov R.M. Bukanova A.S. Kalauova A.S. Kairliyeva F.B. Nauashev A.N. Shambilova G.K. Obidin I.M. Kuzin M.S. Chernenko D.N. Patsaev T.D. Gerasimenko P.S. Makarov I.S. Skvortsov I.Y.
May 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Polymers
2025#17Issue 10
In this study, polymer composites based on a polypropylene (PP) matrix with the addition of cellulose and ES-40, used as a silica precursor, were investigated. These composites were designed to achieve enhanced biodegradability through the incorporation of bioavailable cellulose and to enable subsequent carbonization into carbon–silicon carbide systems. Rheological investigations revealed that the multicomponent mixtures exhibited pseudoplastic behavior over the shear rate range typical of injection molding, ensuring process stability without additional plasticization. Morphological analysis demonstrated that an optimal balance of PP, cellulose, and ES-40 promoted the formation of a three-dimensional network structure, leading to a significant increase in flexural modulus at the equal flexural strength despite some reduction in tensile strength. It was further shown that substituting fibrous cellulose with microcrystalline cellulose improved the composite homogeneity, thereby enhancing the density and mechanical properties, especially in systems with low polymer contents. Preliminary pyrolysis experiments indicated that these injection-molded composites can serve as precursors for fabricating bulk thermally stable products containing silicon carbide particles. The obtained results underscore the high potential of the developed materials for applications in conventional injection molding, the possibility of additive manufacturing, and processes requiring subsequent carbonization.
amorphization , cellulose , composites , crystallinity , dynamic thermomechanical analysis , oligosiloxanes , polycondensation , polypropylene , rheology , sol–gel synthesis
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Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Ecology Named After N.K. Nadirov, Atyrau Oil and Gas University Named After S. Utebayev, M. Baimukhanov Street, 45A, Atyrau, 060027, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Satbayev University, 13 Satbayev Street, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University, Studenchesky Ave., 1, Atyrau, 060011, Kazakhstan
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 29, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova Pl., Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Ecology Named After N.K. Nadirov
Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Russian Academy of Sciences
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”
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