Liver Cancer Incidence in Kazakhstan: Fifteen-Year Retrospective Study
Igissin N. Orazbayev D. Telmanova Z. Kudaibergenova I. Mamatov N. Bilyalova Z. Igissinova G. Rustemova K. Turebayev D. Jexenova A. Adaibayev K. Sayakov U. Dzhumabayeva F. Muratbekova S. Sitnikova L. Syzdykov N. Shishkin I. Kozhakhmet K.
2024Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
2024#25Issue 51763 - 1775 pp.
Objective: The aim is to study the trends of liver cancer (LC) incidence in the regional context in Kazakhstan. Methods: The retrospective study was done using descriptive and analytical methods of oncoepidemiology. The extensive, crude and age-specific incidence rates are determined according to the generally accepted methodology used in sanitary statistics. The data were used to calculate the average percentage change (APС) using the Joinpoint regression analysis to determine the trend over the study period. Results: Between 2005 and 2019, 13, 510 cases of LC were documented, comprising 59.3% males and 40.7% females. Most diagnoses were seen in age groups 55–59 years (13.3%) to 75–79 years (11.7%). LC patients’ average age increased from 63.6 to 64.5 years. Incidence rates per 100, 000 peaked at ages 65–69 years (35.1±1.0) and 70–74 years (43.3±1.0). LC incidence notably rose in the 70–74 years age group (APC=+0.89), contrasting with declining trends in younger age groups. Regional incidence variations revealed diverse patterns, mostly demonstrating unimodal increases, and some regions displaying bimodal growth. The age-standardized incidence rate was 5.7±0.1 per 100, 000, declining from 2005 to 2012 (APC: −3.93), then rising until 2019 (APC: +1.13). Gender-specific standardized rates showed varied trends. Analyses of standardized indicators indicated declining trends in most regions but increased values in specific areas. Thematic maps classified incidence rates based on standardized indicators: low (up to 5.22), average (5.22 to 7.11), high (above 7.11 per 100, 000 for the entire population). Conclusion: The study on liver cancer in Kazakhstan reveals marked gender and age differences. The standardized incidence rate among men was twofold greater than that among women. A distinct rise in cases was noted among individuals aged 70–74 years. Regional variations in incidence were evident. These findings emphasize the necessity for focused research to comprehend the causes behind these differences, enabling customized interventions for Kazakhstan’s population. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License.
geographical variation , incidence , Kazakhstan , Liver cancer , trends
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Research Institute of Life and Health Sciences, Higher School of Medicine, Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan
Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Higher School of Medicine, Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan
Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan”, Astana, Kazakhstan
Research Institute of Life and Health Sciences
Central Asian Institute for Medical Research
Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
Astana Medical University
Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
Higher School of Medicine
Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan”
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