Sonocatalytic degradation of furazolidone using a heterogeneous triple ion synergy system of ZnFe2O4@ZIF-67 nanostructures: Physicochemical Characterization and degradation pathway
Hadi Ghazvini A.S. Khataee A. Fathinia M. Haghighat H. Kudaibergenov N.
1 December 2024Elsevier B.V.
Chemical Engineering Journal
2024#501
Heterogeneous sonocatalysis coupled with peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation is considered as a rapid advanced oxidation process for the degradation of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants. ZnFe2O4@ZIF-67 nanostructures (NSs) with commendable features including a high crystallinity, a narrow bandgap, and an outstanding specific surface, showed excellent sonocatalytic performance, PDS activation and stability. A novel triple ion synergistic system was used for the swift degradation of 60 mg/L furazolidone (FZD) from real contaminated water sources. A superior sonocatalytic degradation performance of FZD (94%) by ZnFe2O4@ZIF-67/PDS/Ultrasound system was achieved under the optimal conditions of 20 mmol/L PDS and 0.4 g/L of the nanocomposite within 60 min. The e-/h+ pairs produced as a result of the sonoluminescence phenomenon in the ZnFe2O4@ZIF-67 NSs, with a bandgap of 1.86 eV, accelerated the redox reduction transform cycle of the Zn2+/Zn, Fe3+/ Fe2+ and Co3+/ Co2+ pairs by generating a large number of oxidative radicals, leading to the enhanced degradation efficiency. Quenching tests illustrated that SO4•-,1O2, •OH radicals and surface oxidation–reduction reactions played a crucial role during FZD degradation. FZD degradation by-products were put forward using the LC-MS technique, and a plausible degradation pathway was suggested. The mineralization tests and the toxicity of generated intermediates of FZD degradation were also examined. Also, the stability and reusability results underscored the substantial proficiency of the above system to remediate real-pharmaceutical-contaminated-water sources, providing a practical approach for its industrial applications.
Furazolidone , Peroxydisulfate , Pharmaceutical pollutant , Sonocatalytic degradation , ZnFe2O4@ZIF-67
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Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran
Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey
Department of Chemistry Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, 14665-889, Iran
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes
Department of Chemical Engineering
Department of Chemistry Education
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
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