Phosphocalcic metabolism and the role of vitamin D, vitamin K2, and nattokinase supplementation

Gasmi A. Bjørklund G. Peana M. Mujawdiya P.K. Pivina L. Ongenae A. Piscopo S. Severin B.
2022 Taylor and Francis Ltd.

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
2022 #62 Issue 25 7062 - 7071 pp.

Calcium is involved in bone metabolism, regulation of nerve signaling, and release of neurotransmitters. Phosphorus is a structural component of ATP, participates in metabolic energy regulation, and ensures stability to biological membranes and cells. Vitamin D and vitamin K are important for intestinal absorption and renal excretion of calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D plays a regulatory role in bone formation, carbohydrate metabolism, immune responses, and cardiovascular regulation. Research has linked vitamin D deficiency to the development of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, and osteoporosis. Vitamin K has been associated with a reduced risk of osteoporosis, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases (due to improved vascular elasticity). This review highlights the importance of vitamins D and K in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus and explores various molecular mechanisms that help maintain the system’s mineral homeostasis. Moreover, the paper reviews the enzyme nattokinases role in thrombotic prevention due to its fibrinolytic activity.

Bone , cancer , diabetes , nattokinase , osteoporosis , phosphocalcic metabolism , vitamin D , vitamin K2

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Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
Birla Institute of Technology and Science -Pilani, Hyderabad, India
Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania

Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée
Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM)
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
Birla Institute of Technology and Science -Pilani
Semey Medical University
CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group
Faculty of Medicine

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