A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19

Gasmi A. Srinath S. Dadar M. Pivina L. Menzel A. Benahmed A.G. Chirumbolo S. Bjørklund G.
April 2022 Academic Press Inc.

Clinical Immunology
2022 #237

The development of COVID-19 vaccines was promptly regulated to ensure the best possible approach. By January 2022, 75 candidates reached preclinical evaluation in various animal models, 114 vaccines were in clinical trials on humans, and 48 were in the final testing stages. Vaccine platforms range from whole virus vaccines to nucleic acid vaccines, which are the most promising in prompt availability and safety. The USA and Europe have approved vaccines developed by Pfizer–BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNa1273). So far, Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, AstraZeneca–University of Oxford, Sinopharm, Sinovac Biotech Gamaleya, Bharat Biotech, and Novavax have documented effective vaccines. Even with technological advances and a fast-paced development approach, many limitations and problems need to be overcome before a large-scale production of new vaccines can start. The Key is to ensure equal and fair distribution globally through regulatory measures. Recent studies link Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination programs and lower disease severity.

Candidate vaccines coronaviruses , COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials , COVID-19 vaccines , Novel coronavirus vaccines , Pandemic vaccine development , SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate

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Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
LaboratoiresRéunis, Junglinster, Luxembourg
Académie Internationale de Médecine Dentaire Intégrative, Paris, France
Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway

Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée
Université Claude Bernard
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
Semey Medical University
CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group
LaboratoiresRéunis
Académie Internationale de Médecine Dentaire Intégrative
Department of Neurosciences
CONEM Scientific Secretary
Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM)

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