Biomimetic Nanomaterials: Diversity, Technology, and Biomedical Applications

Gareev K.G. Grouzdev D.S. Koziaeva V.V. Sitkov N.O. Gao H. Zimina T.M. Shevtsov M.
July 2022 MDPI

Nanomaterials
2022 #12 Issue 14

Biomimetic nanomaterials (BNMs) are functional materials containing nanoscale components and having structural and technological similarities to natural (biogenic) prototypes. Despite the fact that biomimetic approaches in materials technology have been used since the second half of the 20th century, BNMs are still at the forefront of materials science. This review considered a general classification of such nanomaterials according to the characteristic features of natural analogues that are reproduced in the preparation of BNMs, including biomimetic structure, biomimetic synthesis, and the inclusion of biogenic components. BNMs containing magnetic, metal, or metal oxide organic and ceramic structural elements (including their various combinations) were considered separately. The BNMs under consideration were analyzed according to the declared areas of application, which included tooth and bone reconstruction, magnetic and infrared hyperthermia, chemo- and immunotherapy, the development of new drugs for targeted therapy, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy, and bioimaging. In conclusion, the authors’ point of view is given about the prospects for the development of this scientific area associated with the use of native, genetically modified, or completely artificial phospholipid membranes, which allow combining the physicochemical and biological properties of biogenic prototypes with high biocompatibility, economic availability, and scalability of fully synthetic nanomaterials.

applications , biomedicine , biomimetics , nanomaterials , nanoparticles , synthesis technique , theranostics

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Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation
Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
SciBear OU, Tartu mnt 67/1-13b, Kesklinna Linnaosa, Tallinn, 10115, Estonia
Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
Center of Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, 197341, Russian Federation
National Center for Neurosurgery, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan

Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics
Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies
SciBear OU
Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
Center of Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM)
Personalized Medicine Centre
National Center for Neurosurgery

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