Adaptation of skiers at sports camps at different altitudes
Eshiev A. Romanova E. Kozhomberdieva K. Usonuulu Z. Gryaznykh A. Nesmeyanov A. Samoylova G. Faleeva E. Kozubayeva D. Abdrakhmanova G. Bakayev V. Karpova S. Nepanov A. Stolonogova E. Tyupa P.
May 2025Editura Universitatii din Pitesti
Journal of Physical Education and Sport
2025#25Issue 5977 - 984 pp.
A key focus in the training process for athletes in cyclic sports is the development of aerobic endurance. In cross-country skiing, physical activities are used to enhance athletes functional reserves. Purpose: To evaluate the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system in cross-country skiers of varying sports qualifications and to provide tailored training camp recommendations for these athletes under low-altitude and mid-altitude conditions. Materials and methods: The project involved 32 young males aged 15–16 participating in freestyle cross-country skiing. The Highly skilled (HS) group (n = 16) consisted of qualified athletes holding a sports category or title, while the Unqualified athletes (UA) group (n = 16) included those in their second year of cross-country skiing training. Both groups followed the training program outlined by the Russian federal standard. Half of the athletes from both the HS and UA groups participated in training camps at a ski base located in low-altitude conditions. The remaining athletes, representing both skill levels, trained under mid-altitude conditions. At the beginning and end of the training camp, the cardiorespiratory system and anthropometric measurements of all participants were assessed to calculate functional index indicators. Results: In low-skilled athletes, training loads under low-altitude conditions are accompanied by high reactivity of the hemodynamic and external respiration systems, indicating a positive adaptation response consistent with the developmental phase of the adaptation process. In contrast, skilled athletes training under mid-altitude conditions did not exhibit reduced cardiorespiratory reserves or signs of impaired adaptation, unlike novice athletes. In beginners, the adaptation to oxygen deficiency at mid-altitude progresses slowly and requires prior hypoxic conditioning. Conclusions: Conducting training camps in mid-mountain conditions for novice skiers is impractical owing to the deterioration of the functional fitness of their bodies.
cross-country skiers , endurance , functional testing , sports training , training
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Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan
Altai State University, Barnaul, Russian Federation
Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Reshetnev Siberian State University Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Semey Medical University, NCJSC, Semey, Kazakhstan
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
Osh State University
Altai State University
Yugra State University
Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Siberian Federal University
Reshetnev Siberian State University Science and Technology
Semey Medical University
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
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