Event horizon telescope observational constraints on Dymnikova-type non-singular black holes in higher dimensions
Errehymy A. Khedif Y. Daoud M. Myrzakulov Y. Donmez O. Turimov B.
February 2026Elsevier B.V.
Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics
2026#873
Black holes are among the most compelling predictions of general relativity (GR) and are now strongly supported by observations from gravitational-wave detectors and the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). While standard black hole solutions suffer from central singularities, regular black holes avoid this issue by introducing a nonsingular core. In this work, we extend the Dymnikova regular black hole to higher dimensions using a smooth matter distribution. The resulting spacetime features a de Sitter-like core and two horizons. We analyze photon motion and show that circular photon orbits remain unstable, giving rise to a well-defined black hole shadow. Our results indicate that the shadow size grows with the black hole scale but decreases slightly as the number of dimensions increases. We also investigate thermodynamic properties, including Hawking temperature and energy emission, and find a strong dependence on dimensionality. Finally, we compare our model with EHT observations to place constraints on the parameters and highlight potential observational signatures of higher-dimensional regular black holes.
Dymnikova model , Higher dimensions , Photon sphere and shadow , Regular black holes
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Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
Center for Theoretical Physics, Khazar University, 41 Mehseti Str., Baku, AZ1096, Azerbaijan
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Laboratory of Mechanics and High Energy Physics, University Hassan II, P.O. Box 5366, Maarif Casablanca, 20100, Morocco
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P.O. Box 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Miramare Trieste, 34151, Italy
Department of General and Theoretical Physics, L.N. Gumilyov, Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait
Central Asian University, Milliy bog Str. 264, Tashkent, 111221, Uzbekistan
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Gavhar Str. 1, Tashkent, 100149, Uzbekistan
Astrophysics Research Centre
Center for Theoretical Physics
Department of Physics
Department of Physics
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics
Department of General and Theoretical Physics
College of Engineering and Technology
Central Asian University
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences
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