Regenerative potential of a polylactic acid/nano hydroxyapatite scaffold functionalized with fucoidan and dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells in a rat mandibular defect model
Ekrampoor M.S. Daneste H. Kian M. Nowzari F. Abbaspour S. Iraji A. Mokhtarzadegan M. Daneshi S.S. Asadi-Yousefabad S.-L. Zare S. Aliabadi E. Amiri M.A. Mussin N.M. Kurmanalina M.A. Askarzadeh N. Tanideh N. Tamadon A.
January 2026Elsevier B.V.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
2026#340
This study evaluated bone regeneration using a composite scaffold of polylactic acid (PLA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) surface-coated with fucoidan (FCD) in a rat mandibular defect model. PLA/nHA scaffolds were fabricated by solvent casting/particulate leaching and subsequently coated with FCD (PLA/nHA@FCD). Scaffolds were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA, mechanical testing, and water contact angle measurement. Cytocompatibility was assessed using an MTT assay with dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs). In vivo, mandibular defects were treated with (i) empty control, (ii) PLA/nHA, (iii) PLA/nHA@FCD, (iv) PLA/nHA + DP-MSCs/conditioned medium, and (v) PLA/nHA@FCD + DP-MSCs/conditioned medium. After 8 weeks, bone regeneration was evaluated by histology, histomorphometry, and CBCT. SEM demonstrated a uniform porous architecture without particle agglomeration. FTIR and XRD confirmed incorporation of scaffold components. FCD coating increased compressive strength (≈135%) and hydrophilicity (contact angle decreased from 65.37 ± 3.77° to 44.78 ± 2.18°). DP-MSC viability on PLA/nHA@FCD was ∼1.6-fold higher than on PLA/nHA. In vivo, FCD coating alone did not markedly improve regeneration, whereas PLA/nHA@FCD combined with DP-MSCs/conditioned medium significantly enhanced new bone formation compared with other groups. Overall, PLA/nHA@FCD combined with DP-MSCs-derived bioactivity promoted mandibular bone regeneration in rats.
Bone , Conditioned medium , Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells , Fucoidan , Hydroxyapatite
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Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Chemical & Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Surgery No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Department of Therapeutic and Prosthetic Dentistry, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Stem Cells Technology Research Center
Student Research Committee
Department of Chemical & Polymer Engineering
Central Research Laboratory
School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
Department of Molecular Medicine
Department of Surgery No. 2
Department of Therapeutic and Prosthetic Dentistry
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Department of Pharmacology
Department of Natural Sciences
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