Electroactivity of weak electricigen Bacillus subtilis biofilms in solution containing deep eutectic solvent components

Eghtesadi N. Olaifa K. Perna F.M. Capriati V. Trotta M. Ajunwa O. Marsili E.
October 2022 Elsevier B.V.

Bioelectrochemistry
2022 #147

Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium with a versatile and adaptable metabolism, which makes it a viable cell factory for microbial production. Electroactivity has recently been identified as a cellular characteristic linked with the metabolic activity of B. subtilis. The enhancement of B. subtilis electroactivity can positively enhance bioproduction of high-added value metabolites under electrofermentative conditions. Here, we explored the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and DES components as biocompatible nutrient additives for enhancing electroactivity of B. subtilis. The strongest electroactivity was obtained in an aqueous choline chloride: glycerol (1:2 mol mol⁻¹) eutectic mixture. At low concentration (50–500 mM), this mixture induced a pseudo-diauxic increase in planktonic growth and increased biofilm formation, likely due to a nutritional and osmoprotectant effect. Similarities in electroactivity enhancements of choline chloride-based eutectic mixtures and quinone redox metabolism in B. subtilis were detected using high performance liquid chromatography and differential pulse voltammetry. Results show that choline chloride-based aqueous eutectic mixtures can enhance biomass and productivity in biofilm-based electrofermentation. However, the specific mechanism needs to be fully elucidated.

Bacillus subtilis , Choline chloride , Deep eutectic solvents , Electroactivity , Glycerol

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Biofilm Laboratory, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Nur-Sultan, 01000, Kazakhstan
Dipartimento di Farmacia – Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro,”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari, I-70125, Italy
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, CNR, via E. Orabona 4, Bari, I-70125, Italy
Department of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Nigeria

Biofilm Laboratory
Dipartimento di Farmacia – Scienze del Farmaco
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici
Department of Microbiology

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