Geological History of the Great Altai: Implications for Mineral Exploration
D′yachkov B.A. Mizernaya M.A. Khromykh S.V. Bissatova A.Y. Oitseva T.A. Miroshnikova A.P. Frolova O.V. Kuzmina O.N. Zimanovskaya N.A. Pyatkova A.P. Zikirova K. Ageyeva O.V. Yeskaliyev Y.T.
June 2022MDPI
Minerals
2022#12Issue 6
The Great Altai region, located at the boundary of Russia, Mongolia, China, and Ka-zakhstan, belongs to the system of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. It has undergone a long complex geological and metallogenic history. Extremely rich resources of base, precious, and rare metals (Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Au, Li, Cs, Ta, Nb, REE, etc.) maintain developed mining and metal-lurgical industry, especially in East Kazakhstan, which is the key metallogenic province. The East Kazakhstan province comprises the Rudny Altai, Kalba‐Narym, West‐Kalba, and Zharma‐Saur metallogenic belts, each having its typical mineralization profiles and deposits. The reconstructed geodynamic and metallogenic history of the Great Altai province, along with the revealed rela-tionships between tectonic settings and mineralization patterns, allowed us to formulate a number of geodynamic, structural, lithostratigraphic, magmatic, mineralogical, and geochemical criteria for exploration and appraisal of mineral potential in Eastern Kazakhstan. Geodynamic criteria are based on the origin of different mineralization types in certain geodynamic settings during the Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic orogenic cycle. Structural criteria mean that the location of base‐metal deposits in Rudny Altai, gold deposits in the West Kalba belt, rare and base metals in the Kal-ba‐Narym and Zharma‐Saur zones is controlled by faults of different sizes. Lithostratigraphic criteria consist of the relation of orebodies with certain types of sedimentary or volcanic‐sedimentary rocks. Magmatic criteria are due to the relation between mineralization types and igneous litholo-gies. Mineralogical and geochemical criteria include typical minerals and elements that can serve as tracers of mineralization. The joint use of all these criteria will open new avenues in prospecting and exploration at a more advanced level.
base metals , Central Asian Orogenic Belt , Eastern Kazakhstan , exploration criteria , gold , Great Altai , mineral deposit , rare metals , tectonic setting
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Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences, D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, 19, Serikbayev Str., Ust‐Kamenogorsk, 070000, Kazakhstan
Altai Geological and Environmental Institute LLP, 21, K. Libknekht Str., Ust‐Kamenogorsk, 070000, Kazakhstan
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, 3, Koptyug Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk State University, 1, Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Geos LLP, 83, Protozanov Str., Ust’‐Kamenogorsk, 070000, Kazakhstan
Filial Branch of RGP “NTs KPMS RK” “VNIItsvetmet”, Ust‐Kamenogorsk, 070000, Kazakhstan
Geo. Kz LLP, 3/2 Pobedy Str., Ust’‐Kamenogorsk, 070000, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences
Altai Geological and Environmental Institute LLP
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS
Department of Geology and Geophysics
Geos LLP
Filial Branch of RGP “NTs KPMS RK” “VNIItsvetmet”
Geo. Kz LLP
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