Genetic and Environmental Interactions in Spring Wheat Resistance to Bipolaris Sorokiniana Root Rot in Kazakhstan
Dutbayev Y. Bolatbekova A. Kharipzhanova A. Sabitova A. Bakhytuly K. Tsygankov V. Bastaubаyeva S. Tsygankov A. Kumarbayeva M. Keishilov Z. Kokhmetova A.
2025Science Publications
OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences
2025#25Issue 41050 - 1063 pp.
Common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana represents a major constraint to wheat production in Kazakhstan. This study evaluated the resistance of 30 spring bread and durum wheat genotypes under diverse environmental and treatment conditions in two contrasting regions (Almaty and Aktobe) during 2024. The experimental design included three treatment regimes: fungicide application, artificial inoculation with the pathogen, and natural infection. Agronomic traits (stem length, spike characteristics, grain weight) and disease parameters (prevalence, severity, yield loss) were assessed using standard phytopathological methods, while molecular markers identified resistance genes Sb1 and Sb2. Results demonstrated that genotypes carrying resistance genes exhibited significantly lower disease incidence and severity under infectious conditions. Genotype #518/Serke, gord. (Sb2) showed stable performance with 87.38 cm stem length and 21.67 g grain weight per 50 plants, while line #575 (Sb1, Sb2) achieved the highest spikelet number (14.27) and grain weight (9.67 g). Fungicide application improved stem length (84.24 cm) and grain weight (16.96 g), whereas natural infection significantly reduced yield-related traits. Significant regional differences emerged: Aktobe plants exhibited higher tillering capacity (2.32) but shorter stems (77.07 cm), while Almaty plants showed longer stems (81.29 cm) and superior spike structure. These findings demonstrate that integrating genetic resistance, strategic fungicide application, and region-specific breeding strategies can effectively mitigate yield losses from common root rot. This research provides a framework for developing climate-resilient wheat varieties combining disease resistance with environmental adaptability, essential for food security in Kazakhstans diverse agroecological zones.
Bipolaris sorokiniana , Common Root Rot , Disease Resistance , Genotype-Environment Interaction , Kazakhstan , Molecular Markers , Resistance Genes , Spring Wheat
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
Department of Horticulture, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Kazakhstan
Department of Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Research Institute of Horse Breeding and Forage Production, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Kazakhstan
Department of Water Conservancy Engineering, China Agricultural University, China
Department of Horticulture
Department of Genetics and Breeding
Kazakh Research Institute of Horse Breeding and Forage Production
Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing
Department of Water Conservancy Engineering
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026