Insights into the Role of Plasmatic and Exosomal microRNAs in Oxidative Stress-Related Metabolic Diseases
Duisenbek A. Lopez-Armas G.C. Pérez M. Avilés Pérez M.D. Aguilar Benitez J.M. Pereira Pérez V.R. Gorts Ortega J. Yessenbekova A. Ablaikhanova N. Escames G. Acuña-Castroviejo D. Rusanova I.
June 2023MDPI
Antioxidants
2023#12Issue 6
A common denominator of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes Mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis, are elevated oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. These complex, multi-factorial diseases are caused by the detrimental interaction between the individual genetic background and multiple environmental stimuli. The cells, including the endothelial ones, acquire a preactivated phenotype and metabolic memory, exhibiting increased oxidative stress, inflammatory gene expression, endothelial vascular activation, and prothrombotic events, leading to vascular complications. There are different pathways involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, and increased knowledge suggests a role of the activation of the NF-kB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome as key mediators of metabolic inflammation. Epigenetic-wide associated studies provide new insight into the role of microRNAs in the phenomenon of metabolic memory and the development consequences of vessel damage. In this review, we will focus on the microRNAs related to the control of anti-oxidative enzymes, as well as microRNAs related to the control of mitochondrial functions and inflammation. The objective is the search for new therapeutic targets to improve the functioning of mitochondria and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, despite the acquired metabolic memory.
circulating microRNA , endothelial dysfunction , epigenetic , exosomes , inflammation , metabolic diseases , oxidative stress
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Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, 18019, Spain
Departamento de Investigación y Extensión, Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial, C. Nueva Escocia 1885, Guadalajara, 44638, Mexico
Hospital de Alta Resolución de Alcalá la Real, Jaén, 23680, Spain
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, 18016, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, Granada, 18016, Spain
Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18016, Spain
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, 18016, Spain
Department of Biophysics
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I
Departamento de Investigación y Extensión
Hospital de Alta Resolución de Alcalá la Real
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes)
Instituto de Biotecnología
Department of Physiology
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