Preparation of Granular Organic Iodine and Selenium Complex Fertilizer Based on Biochar for Biofortification of Parsley

Doszhanov Y. Atamanov M. Jandosov J. Saurykova K. Bassygarayev Z. Orazbayev A. Turganbay S. Sabitov A.
2024 John Wiley and Sons Ltd

Scientifica
2024 #2024

Tis study investigates the potential of biochar derived from various biomass sources: apricot kernel (AK), pine sawdust (PS), rice husk (RH), wheat straw (WS), and reed stem (RS) to enhance the yield, nutritional quality, and environmental sustainability of parsley crops. Comprehensive characterization through SEM, EDAX, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, and FTIR analyses identifed AK biochar as the most suitable for further enrichment due to its superior specifc surface area (512.3 m² /g) and iodine number (51.23 mg/g). EDAX analysis revealed that AK biochar exhibited the highest carbon content (92.1%), while RH biochar contained the highest silicon content (46%), indicating diferent potential applications. FTIR analysis identifed key functional groups, such as carbonyl (1740 cm⁻¹) and hydroxyl (3430 cm⁻¹) groups, which contribute to the biochar’s reactivity and potential efectiveness in various applications. Te efects of selenium (Na₂ SeO₄), iodine (KI), their combination (Na₂SeO₄ + KI), and BISF (biochar-enriched iodine and selenium fertilizer) on parsley growth, antioxidant properties, and nutrient accumulation were evaluated. Te results demonstrated that joint applications of iodide and selenate led to a 3.1-fold increase in iodine content (up to 16.8 mg/kg d.w.) and a 1.2-fold increase in selenium accumulation (up to 2482.1 μg/kg d.w.) in parsley compared to separate treatments. Additionally, BISF treatment signifcantly improved key biometric parameters, with leaf weight increasing by 1.6 times (up to 326.5 g) compared to the control, and antioxidant content—ascorbic acid, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity—showing increases of 1.56, 1.27, and 1.50 times, respectively. Tis study underscores the efectiveness of selenium-and iodine-enriched biochar in enhancing parsley crop yield and nutritional quality while also demonstrating the multifunctional role of biochar in environmental remediation.

agricultural enhancement , antioxidant properties , biochar , iodine-enriched biochar , parsley growth , selenium-enriched biochar

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Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Te Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Department of General University Studies, Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Kazakh-British Technical University, “One Belt, One Road” Petroleum Engineering, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
Te Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Department of Chemistry
Department of General University Studies
Kazakh-British Technical University

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