Behavior of gold and non-ferrous metals during low-temperature chlorination roasting of e-waste
Dosmukhamedov N.K. Zholdasbay E.E. Kurmanseitov M.B. Argyn A.A.
July 2024Springer
Metallurgist
2024#68Issue 3440 - 448 pp.
Based on a literature review, the relevance and necessity of processing e‑waste are shown. Pyro-, hydro- and biometallurgical methods for processing e‑waste are briefly described, and the advantages and disadvantages of existing technologies are compared. The efficiency and the environmental and health impacts of various technologies are analyzed. The low-temperature chlorination technology applied to e‑waste processing is given a thermodynamic interpretation to obtain additional information necessary for better understanding of the behavior of gold and other non-ferrous metals with low metal content. The mechanism of the interaction between e‑waste elements and gaseous chlorine during low-temperature roasting was studied. The behavior of metals at low temperatures of chlorination of e‑waste (below 673 K) was assessed from the changes in the thermodynamic quantities of the system. Thermodynamic calculations were conducted to determine the Gibbs free energy (ΔGT0) of the reactions between e‑waste elements and gaseous chlorine at various temperatures. Based on the thermodynamic calculations of the reactions of precious (gold, silver, platinum, palladium) and other non-ferrous metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) with gaseous chlorine at low chlorination temperatures of 323–673 K, it was established that it is possible to selectively recover gold as sublimates Au2Cl6(g) and to produce a solid-phase cinder containing solid chlorides of precious and non-ferrous metals. The low-temperature chlorination roasting of e‑waste is a good prerequisite for the integrated recovery of gold and other precious and non-ferrous metals with high efficiency. The obtained results will be used for the selection, justification, and science-based design of innovative technology for processing e‑waste, using not only gaseous chlorine, but also solid chlorine-containing reagents (CaCl2, NaCl).
669.213.4 , Chlorination , Chlorine , E‑waste , Gibbs free energy , Gold , Gold trichloride , Metal chlorides , Non-ferrous metals , Precious metals , Roasting , Thermodynamics
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Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Zhezkazgan University named after O. A. Baikonurov, Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan
Satbayev University
Zhezkazgan University named after O. A. Baikonurov
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026