Inflammatory Biomarkers as Predictors of Infected Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Dmitriyeva M. Kozhakhmetova Z. Urazova S. Kozhakhmetov S. Turebayev D. Toleubayev M.
July 2022 Bentham Science Publishers

Current Diabetes Reviews
2022 #18 Issue 6 4 - 11 pp.

Diabetic foot ulcer infection is a crucial complication associated with lower-limb amputation and postoperative mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Deciding if a diabetic foot ulcer is infected in a community setting is challenging without validated point-of-care tests. Early detection of infected diabetic foot ulcers can reduce the frequency of hospitalizations, the occur-rence of disability, and chances of mortality. Inflammatory biomarkers are predictors of infected diabetic foot ulcers and lower-limb amputation. Procalcitonin, CRP, pentraxin-3, interleukin-6, and calprotectin may help distinguish uninfected from mildly infected diabetic foot ulcers and diagnose soft tissue infections, bone lesions, and sepsis in diabetic patients. Moreover, these biomarkers may be predictors of lower-limb amputation and postoperative mortality. The current management of infected diabetic foot ulcers is disappointing and unsatisfactory, both in preventing its development and halting and modifying its progression. The use of new (molecular) techniques for the identifica-tion of the IDFU has not yet to be proven superior to classic cultural techniques for the management of such patients. For clinicians, if the risk stratification of DFU can be obtained earlier in diabetic patients, the hospitalization, disability, and mortality rate will be reduced. For the practical ap-plication of these biomarkers, it is important to correlate these quantitative parameters with clinical symptoms. Based on clinical observations and inflammatory biomarker evaluation, it can be used to guide clinical treatment methods. This review details clinical information published during the past several decades and discusses inflammatory biomarkers that may determine the risk and level of infection of diabetic foot ulcers.

c-reactive protein , calprotectin , Diabetes mellitus , diabetic foot ulcer , infection , inflammatory biomarker , interleukin-6 , pen-traxin , procalcitonin

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Surgery Department, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik, Kazakhstan
Radiology Department, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik, Kazakhstan
General Medicine Department, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik, Kazakhstan

Surgery Department
Radiology Department
General Medicine Department

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