Optimizing Cu-alloy surface characteristics through magnetic field-enhanced fs laser treatment
Dawood A. Bashir S. Khan M.A. Hayat A. Bonyah E. Sanderson J.H. Majeed M. Naz Z.
1 May 2024American Institute of Physics
AIP Advances
2024#14Issue 5
We report here the effect of the magnetic field on plasma parameters and the surface structuring of the Cu alloy after fs laser irradiation. A Ti:Sapphire (800 nm, 35 fs, 1 KHz) laser is employed at various irradiances (0.011-0.117 PW/cm2) to generate plasma. A Transvers Magnetic Field (TMF) of strength 1.1 T is employed for plasma confinement. All the measurements were performed with and without TMF. The Cu plasma parameters, i.e., excitation temperature (Texc) and electron number sensity (ne), determined by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis, are higher in the presence of TMF. This magnetic field confinement of Cu plasma was studied analytically by evaluating thermal beta (βt), directional beta (βd), confinement radius (Rb), and diffusion time (td). To correlate Cu-alloy plasma parameters with surface modifications, field emission scanning electron microscope analysis is performed. It reveals the formation of low-spatial-frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) and high-spatial-frequency LIPSSs, along with agglomers and nano-rims formation. Distinct and well-defined structures are observed in the presence of a magnetic field. It is concluded that controlled surface structuring can be achieved through magnetic confinement, which enhances key plasma parameters. The technique has the potential for enhancing the fabrication of nano-gratings and field emitters, where spatial uniformity is critically important.
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Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP), Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
Department of Physics, National Excellence Institute (University), Islamabad, 04524, Pakistan
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, ON, Canada
Department of Physics, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, 81100, Italy
Information Department of Mathematics Education, Akenten Appiah Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurship Development, Kumasi, Ghana
Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
Department of Physics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, AJK, Mirpur, 10250, Pakistan
Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP)
Department of Physics
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Department of Physics
Department of Mathematics and Physics
Information Department of Mathematics Education
Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Department of Physics
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