Ultrasound and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Antidiabetic and Hematopoietic Activity of Diphenhydramine Derivatives
Dauletbakov A. Belyankova Y. Assylbekova S. Zolotareva D. Bayazit S. Baktybayeva L. Kemelbekov U. Yu V. Ibragimova N. Zazybin A.
July 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Molecules
2025#30Issue 14
This study presents the synthesis and antidiabetic and hematopoietic activity of ionic compounds based on 2-(diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine (diphenhydramine). Synthesis is carried out under ultrasonic (US) and microwave (MW) irradiation as well as using a conventional method (thermal activation). The synthesized ionic compounds have been tested for antidiabetic effect according to the inhibitory action against α-glucosidase and α-amylase (in vitro). All the synthesized derivatives of diphenhydramine showed higher inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase than commercially available diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Moreover, two of them, 1m (66.9%) and 1k (64.2%), had a greater inhibitory activity than the reference drug acarbose (51.8%). The hematopoietic activity was studied in albino laboratory female rats (in vivo). The compounds 1b, 1f, and 1k can restore immune blood cells (hematopoietic activity), equal to or exceeding that of the commercially available diphenhydramine hydrochloride and control (methyluracil).
antidiabetic activity , diphenhydramine , hematopoietic activity , microwave synthesis , ultrasonic synthesis , α-amylase inhibition , α-glucosidase inhibition
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School of Chemical Engineering, Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole bi Str., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave, 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Pharmacy Scientific Research Center, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, 1 Al-Farabi Square, Shymkent, 160019, Kazakhstan
JCS «A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences», Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Auezov Str., 84, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
School of Chemical Engineering
Department of Biophysics
Pharmacy Scientific Research Center
JCS «A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences»
Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs
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