The First Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling System in Kazakhstan: Planning and Design
Chicherin S. Zhuikova Y. Pyanykh T. Zhuikov A. Baidyussenov G. Abildinova S.
December 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Energies
2024#17Issue 23
This paper focuses on the potential for integrating Geographic Information System (GIS) software into Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) systems to promote efficient and sustainable energy management, particularly in Kazakhstan. By reviewing the key literature, we identify three main areas where GIS software enhances the planning of 5GDHC systems: decision-making in the context of energy market regulations, operational data utilization, and modeling/simulations for technical design. The technical design emphasizes the role of heat pumps, ultra-low temperature district heating (ULTDH) networks, and end-user buildings. Previous research has explored various methodologies for integrating network and demand-side strategies, developing sustainable district heating and cooling (DHC) systems, and mapping urban areas suitable for DHC deployment. However, none has presented an open-source model incorporating GIS-based decision-making in designing 5GDHC systems. This study, for the first time, addresses this gap through a case study conducted in the Northern Industrial Zone of Karaganda, Kazakhstan, demonstrating how GIS-enhanced modeling can be effectively applied in a developing, industry-driven economy. We outline the mathematical framework for comparing existing simulation tools and developing a custom model suited to the region’s needs. Additionally, we discuss validation and calibration methods, which remain underexplored in the current literature. The proposed model incorporates waste heat recovery from local sources, including nearby wastewater treatment plants, showcasing a sustainable energy solution for the industrial park. The results indicate that a well-structured 5GDHC system, supported by GIS tools, can markedly enhance energy efficiency and sustainability, presenting a scalable and adaptable approach for other regions in Kazakhstan and beyond.
district energy , efficiency , energy integration , environmental sustainability , renewables , simulation
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Thermo and Fluid Dynamics (FLOW), Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
Brussels Institute for Thermal-Fluid Systems and Clean Energy (BRITE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, 1050, Belgium
Research School of High-Energy Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
Laboratory of the Heat Engineering and Hydrogasodynamics Department, Polytechnic School, Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Ave., 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Department of Energy Systems, NJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», 56 Nursultan Nazarbayev Ave., Karaganda, 100027, Kazakhstan
Department of Business Management in Engineering, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications Named After Gumarbek Daukeyev, Baitursynuli Str, 126/1, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Thermo and Fluid Dynamics (FLOW)
Brussels Institute for Thermal-Fluid Systems and Clean Energy (BRITE)
Research School of High-Energy Physics
Laboratory of the Heat Engineering and Hydrogasodynamics Department
Department of Energy Systems
Department of Business Management in Engineering
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