Does financial inclusion improve sanitation access? Empirical evidence from low- and middle-income countries
Cavoli T. Gopalan S. Onur I. Xenarios S.
2023Routledge
International Journal of Water Resources Development
2023#39Issue 5724 - 745 pp.
The existing literature does not probe the extent to which promoting financial inclusion can provide an enabling environment to improve access to sanitation services, which is one of the integral objectives of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6. This paper empirically examines if traditional and digital financial inclusion can influence access to sanitation services for 84 low- and middle-income countries covering the period 2000–17. Our results establish that both indicators of traditional and digital financial inclusion generate a strong, positive and robust influence on access to sanitation services in lower and middle-income countries, especially in rural areas.
access to sanitation , emerging markets and developing economies , Financial inclusion , panel data , Sustainable Development Goals
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Business School, University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, SA, Australia
Department of Innovation in Government and Society, College of Business and Economics, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
College of Business, Government and Law, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
CSIRO Environment, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Graduate School of Public Policy, Nazarbayev University (NU), Kazakhstan
Business School
Department of Innovation in Government and Society
College of Business
CSIRO Environment
Graduate School of Public Policy
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