Critical View of Novel Treatment Strategies for Glioblastoma: Failure and Success of Resistance Mechanisms by Glioblastoma Cells
Burster T. Traut R. Yermekkyzy Z. Mayer K. Westhoff M.-A. Bischof J. Knippschild U.
16 August 2021Frontiers Media S.A.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
2021#9
According to the invasive nature of glioblastoma, which is the most common form of malignant brain tumor, the standard care by surgery, chemo- and radiotherapy is particularly challenging. The presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) and the surrounding tumor microenvironment protects glioblastoma from recognition by the immune system. Conventional therapy concepts have failed to completely remove glioblastoma cells, which is one major drawback in clinical management of the disease. The use of small molecule inhibitors, immunomodulators, immunotherapy, including peptide and mRNA vaccines, and virotherapy came into focus for the treatment of glioblastoma. Although novel strategies underline the benefit for anti-tumor effectiveness, serious challenges need to be overcome to successfully manage tumorigenesis, indicating the significance of developing new strategies. Therefore, we provide insights into the application of different medications in combination to boost the host immune system to interfere with immune evasion of glioblastoma cells which are promising prerequisites for therapeutic approaches to treat glioblastoma patients. © Copyright
glioblastoma , immune evasion , immunotherapy , peptide and mRNA vaccines , tumor microenvironment
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Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Department of Biology
Department of General and Visceral Surgery
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
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