Development of Interpolyelectrolyte Complex Based on Chitosan and Carboxymethylcellulose for Stabilizing Sandy Soil and Stimulating Vegetation of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Berikbol N. Klivenko A. Markin V. Orazzhanova L. Yelemessova G. Kassymova Z.
August 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Polymers
2024#16Issue 16
The issue of water and wind erosion of soil remains critically important. Polymeric materials offer a promising solution to this problem. In this study, we prepared and applied an interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) composed of the biopolymers chitosan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) for the structuring of forest sandy soils and the enhancement of the pre-sowing treatment of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seeds. A nonstoichiometric IPEC [Chitosan]:[Na-CMC] = [3:7] was synthesized, and its composition was determined using gravimetry, turbidimetry, and rheoviscosimetry methods. Soil surface treatment with IPEC involved the sequential application of a chitosan polycation (0.006% w/w) and Na-CMC polyanion (0.02% w/w) relative to the air-dry soil weight. The prepared IPEC increased soil moisture by 77%, extended water retention time by sixfold, doubled the content of agronomically valuable soil fractions > 0.25 mm, enhanced soil resistance to water erosion by 64% and wind erosion by 81%, and improved the mechanical strength of the soil-polymer crust by 17.5 times. Additionally, IPEC application resulted in slight increases in the content of humus, mobile potassium, mobile phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, and mineral salts in the soil while maintaining soil solution pH stability and significantly increasing nitrate nitrogen levels. The novel application technologies of biopolymers and IPEC led to a 16–25% improvement in Scots pine seed germination and seedling growth metrics.
chitosan , interpolyelectrolyte complex , natural polymers , sandy soils , scots pine , sodium carboxymethylcellulose , soil erosion
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Department of Chemistry and Ecology, Research School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Shakarim University of Semey, Semey, 071412, Kazakhstan
Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, Barnaul, 656049, Russian Federation
Department of Chemistry and Ecology
Department of Organic Chemistry
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