Extracellular Vesicles, Stem Cells and the Role of miRNAs in Neurodegen-eration
Belkozhayev A.M. Al-Yozbaki M. George A. Niyazova R.Y. Sharipov K.-L.O. Byrne L.J. Wilson C.M.
2022Bentham Science Publishers
Current Neuropharmacology
2022#20Issue 81450 - 1478 pp.
There are different modalities of intercellular communication governed by cellular home-ostasis. In this review, we will explore one of these forms of communication called extracellular vesicles (EVs). These vesicles are released by all cells in the body and are heterogeneous in nature. The primary function of EVs is to share information through their cargo consisting of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids (mRNA, miRNA, dsDNA etc.) with other cells, which have a direct conse-quence on their microenvironment. We will focus on the role of EVs of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the nervous system and how these participate in intercellular communication to maintain physiological function and provide neuroprotection. However, deregulation of this same communication system could play a role in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, prion disease and Hunting-ton’s disease. The release of EVs from a cell provides crucial information to what is happening inside the cell and thus could be used in diagnostics and therapy. We will discuss and explore new av-enues for the clinical applications of using engineered MSC-EVs and their potential therapeutic benefit in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Alzheimer’s disease , amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , Extracellular vesicles , Huntington’s disease , miRNA , multiple sclerosis , neurodegeneration , Parkinson’s disease , prion disease , stem cells
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Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, United Kingdom
Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Kerala, Thrissur, India
University of Liverpool, Institute of Translation Medicine, Dept of Molecular & Clinical, Cancer Medicine, United Kingdom
Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
Canterbury Christ Church University
Jubilee Centre for Medical Research
University of Liverpool
Novel Global Community Educational Foundation
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