Vermiculite Modified with Glycidyl Methacrylate, Acrylonitrile, and Phosphoric Acid for the Adsorption of Molybdenum and Rhenium Ions from Aqueous Solutions

Bektenov N. Sadykov K. Baidullayeva A. Chinibayeva N. Chalov T. Koszhanova G. Kambarova E.
May 2025 Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

Processes
2025 #13 Issue 5

This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a cationic ion-exchange sorbent derived from vermiculite and epoxy acrylate copolymers, designed to address freshwater scarcity by removing toxic metal ions from aqueous environments. The sorbent was engineered to preserve the chemical integrity of freshwater while adhering to environmental safety standards. Vermiculite served as the base material, modified with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), acrylonitrile (ACN), and orthophosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) in a mass ratio of 1:0.35:0.15:3. Optimization experiments explored varying H₃PO₄ proportions (two- and threefold increases) to refine the synthesis conditions. The materials underwent microwave irradiation at 300 W for 10 min. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups (P=O, P−O−C), enhancing sorption capacity, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a porous structure crucial for adsorption. Sorption properties, assessed via atomic emission spectroscopy, demonstrated capacities of 39.80 mg/g for MoO₄²⁻ and 39.06 mg/g for ReO₄⁻, with extraction efficiencies of 79% and 78%, respectively. Chemical stability tests indicated the sorbent retained up to 90% of its functionality in aggressive environments, highlighting its robustness. The developed sorbent offers a high-performance, cost-effective solution for heavy metal removal from wastewater, advancing sustainable water purification technologies.

adsorbent , ion exchange , vermiculite , water purification

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Laboratory of Ion Exchange Resins and Membranes, Institute of Chemical Sciences Named After A.B. Bekturov, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Department of Natural Sciences and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Department of Engineering Disciplines and Good Practices, School of Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Taraz University Named After M.Kh.Dulaty, Taraz, 080000, Kazakhstan

Laboratory of Ion Exchange Resins and Membranes
Department of Natural Sciences and Geography
Department of Engineering Disciplines and Good Practices
Department of Chemistry

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