Search and Rescue Algorithm (SRA): A Metaheuristic Approach for Efficient Constrained Engineering Optimization
Bektemyssova G. Montazeri Z. Dehghani M. Ibraheem I.K. Smerat A. Werner F. Al-Salih A.A.M.M. Ahmed M.A. Eguchi K.
30 November 2025Intelligent Network and Systems Society
International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems
2025#18Issue 10607 - 621 pp.
This paper presents the Search and Rescue Algorithm (SRA), a novel metaheuristic optimization method inspired by the structured and adaptive behaviors observed in real-world search and rescue (SAR) operations. SAR missions require navigating uncertain environments, exploiting partial information, coordinating multiple agents, and making adaptive decisions under time-critical constraints. SRA translates these behaviors into a mathematical framework that balances exploration of the solution space with focused local exploitation, ensuring diverse coverage, robust constraint handling, and precise convergence without the need for external control parameters. The algorithm was evaluated on four challenging constrained engineering design problems: tension/compression spring design, welded beam design, speed reducer design, and pressure vessel design. To ensure a rigorous assessment, SRA was benchmarked against nine state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms. The results demonstrate that SRA consistently achieves the lowest mean and median values with minimal standard deviation, outperforming competitors in both accuracy and stability. Boxplot analyses confirm its robust performance, with tightly clustered solutions and minimal outliers, highlighting reliability in handling complex nonlinear and multimodal optimization landscapes. The study confirms that SRA is a powerful and reliable tool for solving real-world constrained optimization problems.
Constrained engineering design , Exploitation , Exploration , Metaheuristic optimization , Robustness , Search and rescue algorithm
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Department of Computer Engineering, International Information Technology University, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, 7155713876, Iran
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
Faculty of Educational Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
Centre for Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
Faculty of Mathematics, Otto-von-Guericke University, P.O. Box 4120, Magdeburg, 39016, Germany
Department of Computer Engineering Techniques, Al-Nukhba University College, Baghdad, 10013, Iraq
Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering, College of Medical Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
Department of Information Electronics, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Japan
Department of Computer Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Centre for Research Impact and Outcome
Faculty of Mathematics
Department of Computer Engineering Techniques
Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering
Department of Information Electronics
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