Gravitational Refraction of Compact Objects with Quadrupoles
Beissen N. Utepova D. Abishev M. Quevedo H. Khassanov M. Toktarbay S.
March 2023MDPI
Symmetry
2023#15Issue 3
We use the material medium approach to derive the refractive index that can be associated with the gravitational field of a compact object with a quadrupole moment. We consider both a static deformation and a stationary rotation of the gravitational source as the source of the quadrupole. We show that up to the first order in the quadrupole, the refractive indices of both configurations are equivalent such that from the point of view of refraction, a mimicking effect can occur. This also holds at the level of the deflection angle. We argue that it is possible to use the refractive indices and the parameters of the trajectories of light rays that propagate in a gravitational field to determine the physical parameters of the source.
compact object , deflection angle , material medium approach , refractive index
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Institute for Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Dostyk Ave., 13, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1 Ibragimova St, Almaty, 050032, Kazakhstan
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70543, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
Dipartimento di Fisica and ICRA, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Roma, I-00185, Italy
Department of Physics, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Institute for Experimental and Theoretical Physics
Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University
Institute of Nuclear Physics
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares
Dipartimento di Fisica and ICRA
Department of Physics
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