Distribution of Homozygosity Regions in the Genome of Kazakh Cattle Breeds
Beishova I. Dossybayev K. Shamshidin A. Belaya A. Bissembayev A. Khamzin K. Kovalchuk A. Nametov A.
April 2022MDPI
Diversity
2022#14Issue 4
Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous stretches of homozygous genotypes that are passed from parents to their offspring. ROHs are suitable for determining population history, inbreeding rates, and the genetic relationships between individuals in the populations, as well as to detect candidate genes responsible for economic traits in farm animals. In this study, we observed that the Kazakh white-headed (KWh) cattle breed (ROH n = 55976) had a higher number of ROH compared to the Auliekol (AK) breed (ROH n = 13137). When calculating the mean length of ROH, there were considerable differences between Kazakh white-headed (211.59 ± 92.98 Mb) and Auliekol (99.62 ± 46.48 Mb) populations. The maximum length of ROH was higher in Auliekol cattle (510.25 Mb) than in Kazakh white-headed cattle (498.91 Mb). The average inbreeding coefficient rate was equal to 0.084 ± 0.037 in Kazakh white-headed cattle and 0.039 ± 0.018 in Auliekol cattle. The high frequency of genomic regions showed that the strongest patterns were observed on chromosomes 2, 6, and 26 for KWh and 1, 5, and 14 for AK. The estimation of ROH numbers per animal showed that the number of ROH decreased with increasing ROH length in both populations. The genomic inbreeding coefficient of both cattle breeds was calculated based on the ROH, and ancient inbreeding was observed. The harbored genes within ROH islands were associated with meat growth and milk production.
Auliekol cattle , DNA , genes , GeneSeek GGP Bovine 150 K , inbreeding coefficients , Kazakh white-headed cattle , runs of homozygosity , SNP
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Zhengir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Zhangir Khan Street, 51, Uralsk, 090009, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Department of Morphology and Physiology of Humans and Animals, Faculty of Natural Sciences Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after Maxim Tank, Sovetskaya St., 18, Minsk, 220050, Belarus
Scientific and Production Center of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Baykonyr District, Yevgeny Brusilovsky St., 2, Apartment 85, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
LTD “Republican Chamber of Meat Sheep”, Micro District Zerdeli, 39, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Zhengir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology
Department of Morphology and Physiology of Humans and Animals
Scientific and Production Center of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine
LTD “Republican Chamber of Meat Sheep”
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