Unveiling the Role of Selenium in Child Development: Impacts on Growth, Neurodevelopment and Immunity
Batyrova G. Taskozhina G. Umarova G. Umarov Y. Morenko M. Iriskulov B. Kudabayeva K. Bazargaliyev Y.
February 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Journal of Clinical Medicine
2025#14Issue 4
Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element for children, playing a crucial role in numerous physiological processes, including antioxidant defense, immune regulation, thyroid function, and bone metabolism. Emerging evidence highlights its potential impact on child development and growth while also underscoring the complexity of its mechanisms and the global variations in Se intake. The aim of this review is to comprehensively elucidate the significance of Se in various biological processes within the human body, with a focus on its role in child development and growth; its biochemical effects on the nervous system, thyroid function, immune system, and bone tissue; and the implications of Se deficiency and toxicity. This review integrates findings from experimental models, epidemiological studies, and clinical trials to explore Se’s role in neurodevelopment, growth regulation, and immune competence in children. Selenoproteins, which regulate oxidative stress and thyroid hormone and bone metabolism, are essential for normal growth and cognitive development in children. Se deficiency and toxicity has been linked to impaired immune function, growth retardation, and decreased immune function. The findings underscore Se’s influence on various biological pathways that are critical for healthy child development and its broader importance for child health. Public health strategies aimed at optimizing selenium intake may play a pivotal role in improving pediatric health outcomes worldwide.
antioxidant defense , bone metabolism , child development and growth , children , immune regulation , neurodevelopment , Se deficiency , Se toxicity , selenium , selenoproteins , thyroid function
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Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ospanov Medical University, West Kazakhstan Marat, Aktobe, 030019, Kazakhstan
Department of Evidence-Based Medicine and Scientific Management, Ospanov Medical University, West Kazakhstan Marat, Aktobe, 030019, Kazakhstan
Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, 030019, Kazakhstan
Department of Children’s Diseases, Astana Medical University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, 100109, Uzbekistan
Department of Internal Diseases 1, Ospanov Medical University, West Kazakhstan Marat, Aktobe, 030019, Kazakhstan
Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics
Department of Evidence-Based Medicine and Scientific Management
Department of Natural Sciences
Department of Children’s Diseases
Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology
Department of Internal Diseases 1
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