All-in-One: Smartphone-Based Intelligent Photonic mHealth System for Plantar and Cardiorespiratory Monitoring
Bao Y. Wang Z. Zhang Q. Xiao K. Tosi D. Massaroni C. Li X. Min R.
2026Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
IEEE Internet of Things Journal
2026#13Issue 35393 - 5406 pp.
In elderly remote healthcare, accurate measurement of plantar and cardiorespiratory functions is essential for early detection of mobility decline and chronic disease management, but traditional electrical wearable sensors typically cannot support integrated multimodal monitoring that such care requires. In this work, an all-in-one photonic solution is developed by embedding flexible polydimethylsiloxane polymer optical fiber (PDMS-POF) channels into an insole and chest belt, which are integrated with a smartphone via a custom 3D-printed connector to simultaneously capture gait, respiration, and heart rate. This system employs a series of signal processing techniques to automatically remove motion artifacts and optical noise, achieving clinical-grade accuracy (≤0.6% error in stance/swing detection; ≤5% error in heart and respiratory rates during static activities). Building on this foundation, we introduce TodyNet-Pro, a temporal dynamic graph neural network (GNN) designed to fuse multiple physiological signals and learn activity labels end to end using sparsity constraints and temporal weighting. In trials involving ten volunteers and validated against clinical standards, TodyNet-Pro achieved 95.5% accuracy in identifying seven static and dynamic activities, and over 80% accuracy in detecting four abnormal gait patterns, outperforming both standard deep learning models and recent studies on elderly activity recognition.
Deep learning , graph neural network (GNN) , healthcare monitoring , human activity classification , polydimethylsiloxane polymer optical fiber (PDMS-POF) sensing
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Department of Systems Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
Beijing Normal University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics, Zhuhai, 519087, China
Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Rome, Rome, 00128, Italy
Beijing Normal University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, Zhuhai, 519087, China
Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
Department of Systems Science
School of Systems Science
Beijing Normal University
Nazarbayev University
Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation
Beijing Normal University
Faculty of Psychology
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026