Numerical Estimation of Potable Water Production for Single-Slope Solar Stills in the Caspian Region
Baimbetov D. Yerdesh Y. Karlina Y. Syrlybekkyzy S. Radu T. Mohanraj M. Belyayev Y.
October 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Water (Switzerland)
2024#16Issue 20
This study provides a detailed numerical assessment of the productivity of single-slope solar stills across key cities in the Caspian region, including Aktau, Atyrau, Astrakhan, Makhachkala, Baku, Tehran, and Turkmenbashi. Employing a mathematical model based on heat balance equations and the Fourth Order Runge–Kutta method, we simulated the distillation process under various climatic conditions. The results reveal that productivity is significantly influenced by geographic location and local meteorological conditions. Tehran demonstrated the highest productivity across all seasons, with values of 1.75 × 103 kg/(m2·year) and an efficiency of 0.53, due to its optimal solar irradiation and ambient temperature. In contrast, Atyrau and Makhachkala exhibited lower productivity, particularly in colder months, highlighting the effect of ambient temperature on solar still efficiency. The analysis identified the optimal water depth at 2 cm and insulation thickness between 4 and 9 cm for enhancing productivity in continental climates like Aktau. Additionally, the lowest cost of distilled water was USD 0.024 per kilogram in Baku. These findings align with the existing literature, validating the numerical model’s accuracy. Future research will explore integrating solar stills with other renewable and fossil fuel-based technologies.
Caspian region , climatic impact , heat balance model , solar still , thermal desalination
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Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Department of Energy and Automation, Sh. Yessenov, Caspian University of Technology and Engineering, Aktau, 130000, Kazakhstan
Department of Ecology and Geology, Sh. Yessenov, Caspian University of Technology and Engineering, Aktau, 130000, Kazakhstan
School of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641032, India
Department of Mechanics
Department of Energy and Automation
Department of Ecology and Geology
School of Architecture
Department of Mechanical Engineering
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