All-cause hospital admissions and incidence of type 2 diabetes among adolescents in Kazakhstan

Atageldiyeva K. Syssoyev D. Mussina K. Poddighe D. Gaipov A. Galiyeva D.
December 2025 Nature Research

Scientific Reports
2025 #15 Issue 1

This retrospective cohort study investigates the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adolescents in Kazakhstan from 2014 to 2021, focusing on incidence and all-cause hospital admissions. A cohort of 725 adolescents aged 10–17 years diagnosed with T2DM from 2014 to 2021 and registered in the Unified National Electronic Healthcare System (UNEHS) in Kazakhstan. Baseline demographic characteristics, incidence rates, and associated comorbidities and complications were analyzed. For the analysis of all-cause hospitalization rates, Cox regression modeling was used to assess the risk factors associated with hospitalizations, including demographic parameters and the presence of complications. The incidence of T2DM increased from 1.9 to 5.8 per 100,000 in the 10–13 age group and from 3.5 to 8.2 per 100,000 in the 14–17 age group. Girls had a higher incidence (3.0 to 7.3 per 100,000) compared to boys (2.5 to 6.5 per 100,000). The most common complications included retinopathy (14.62%), neuropathy (12.14%), and diabetic foot (6.62%). After diagnosis, 17.79% of patients were hospitalized due to all causes. Statistically significant risk factors for all-cause hospitalization included rural residence (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.04–2.20), hypertension (HR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.04–3.79), retinopathy (HR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.56–4.02), and neuropathy (HR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.06–2.83).

Adolescents , Diabetes , Epidemiology , Hospitalization , Incidence , Pediatric

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Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kerey and Zhanibek Khan Street 5/1, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
Clinical Academic Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana, Kazakhstan

Department of Medicine
College of Health Sciences
Clinical Academic Department of Internal Medicine

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