Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Constraints on f (T, TG) Gravity
Asimakis P. Saridakis E.N. Basilakos S. Yesmakhanova K.
September 2022MDPI
Universe
2022#8Issue 9
We confront (Formula presented.) gravity, with big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) requirements. The former is obtained using both the torsion scalar, as well as the teleparallel equivalent of the Gauss–Bonnet term, in the Lagrangian, resulting to modified Friedmann equations in which the extra torsional terms constitute an effective dark energy sector. We calculate the deviations of the freeze-out temperature (Formula presented.), caused by the extra torsion terms in comparison to (Formula presented.) CDM paradigm. Then, we impose five specific (Formula presented.) models and extract the constraints on the model parameters in order for the ratio (Formula presented.) to satisfy the observational BBN bound. As we find, in most of the models the involved parameters are bounded in a narrow window around their general relativity values as expected, asin the power-law model, where the exponent n needs to be (Formula presented.). Nevertheless, the logarithmic model can easily satisfy the BBN constraints for large regions of the model parameters. This feature should be taken into account in future model building.
modified gravity , nucleosynthesis , torsional gravity
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Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece
National Observatory of Athens, Lofos Nymfon, Athens, 11852, Greece
CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology, Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
School of Astronomy, School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
Academy of Athens, Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics, Soranou Efesiou 4, Athens, 11527, Greece
School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Diogenes Street, Engomi, Nicosia, 1516, Cyprus
Ratbay Myrzakulov Eurasian International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Nur-Sultan, 010009, Kazakhstan
Physics Department, Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, 010008, Kazakhstan
Department of Physics
National Observatory of Athens
CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology
School of Astronomy
Academy of Athens
School of Sciences
Ratbay Myrzakulov Eurasian International Centre for Theoretical Physics
Physics Department
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