Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer and Its Differentiation from Tuberculosis
Ashirbekov Y. Khamitova N. Satken K. Abaildayev A. Pinskiy I. Yeleussizov A. Yegenova L. Kairanbayeva A. Kadirshe D. Utegenova G. Jainakbayev N. Sharipov K.
December 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Diagnostics
2024#14Issue 23
Background: The differential diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer (LC) is often challenging due to similar clinicopathological presentations when bacterial shedding is negative, which can lead to delays in treatment. In this study, we tested the potential of plasma-circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) for the early and differential diagnosis of TB and LC. Methods: We conducted a two-phase study: profiling 188 miRNAs in pooled plasma samples and validating 14 selected miRNAs in individual plasma samples from 68 LC patients, 38 pulmonary TB patients, and 41 healthy controls. Results: Twelve miRNAs were significantly elevated in LC patients compared to controls and TB patients, while two miRNAs were significantly elevated in TB patients compared to controls. ROC analysis demonstrated that miR-130b-3p, miR-1-3p, miR-423-5p, and miR-200a-3p had good discriminatory ability to distinguish LC patients (including those with stage I tumours) from healthy individuals and miR-130b-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-15b-5p, and miR-18b-5p effectively distinguished LC patients (including those with stage I tumours) from TB patients. Additionally, miR-18b-5p showed good discriminatory ability between SCLC and NSCLC patients. Conclusions: Circulating miRNAs hold strong potential for the early detection of LC and for distinguishing LC from TB.
differential diagnosis , lung cancer , microRNA , tuberculosis
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Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Kazakh National Medical University Named After S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
National Scientific Center of Phthisiopulmonology, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University Named After Ozbekali Zhanibekov, Shymkent, 160012, Kazakhstan
Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, 050004, Kazakhstan
Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Kazakh National Medical University Named After S.D. Asfendiyarov
Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology
National Scientific Center of Phthisiopulmonology
South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University Named After Ozbekali Zhanibekov
Kazakh-Russian Medical University
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