Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Thapsia garganica L. Different Parts: HPLC-DAD Profiling,Cholinesterase Inhibition, and Antioxidant Potential
Arabi R. Chafaa M. Çam D. Çakir C. Arabi Z. Soudani L. Öztürk M. Taha T.H. Alsalamah S.A. Idres T. Garzoli S. Bendif H.
8 January 2026John Wiley and Sons Inc
ChemistrySelect
2026#11Issue 1
This study investigates the biological properties of methanolic and petroleum ether (PE) extracts from the roots and flowers of Thapsia garganica L., providing new insights into its potential medicinal uses. Although T. garganica has a long history in traditional medicine, the anticholinesterase and tyrosinase-inhibiting activities of this species have been poorly documented and remain insufficiently explored in the scientific literature. The antioxidant activity was assessed using three complementary assays: DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS cation radical scavenging, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity. Anticholinesterase activity was tested against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), key enzymes involved in Alzheimers disease, while tyrosinase inhibitory activity was measured using the L-DOPA method. The HPLC-DAD analysis revealed that the methanolic extract from the roots contained curcumin, epicatechin, and propyl gallate as principal components. The methanolic extract of the flowers was primarily dominated by rutin, chlorogenic acid, and luteolin. Meanwhile, the methanolic extract from the leaves contained rutin, chlorogenic acid, and hesperetin. The methanolic flower extract demonstrated high antioxidant activity in all tests. In contrast, the PE extract from the roots showed significant BChE inhibitory activity. This study suggests that T. garganica L. may offer potent natural compounds useful for the treatment of conditions like Alzheimers disease.
bioactivity , extracts , HPLC-DAD , phenolic compounds , Thapsia garganica L.
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Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-arid Areas, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Muğla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Research Laboratory for Management of Local Animal Resources, Rabie Bouchama National Veterinary School of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-arid Areas
Department of Chemistry
Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Department of Biology
Research Laboratory for Management of Local Animal Resources
Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug
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