LONG-TERM DYNAMICS OF TOXIC COMPOUNDS INFLOW OF THE ZHAIYK RIVER TO TERRITORY OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THEIR DOWNSTREAM TRANSFORMATION
Amirgaliyev N. Burlibayeva D. Musakulkyzy A.
2025National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences
2025#2025Issue 242 - 57 pp.
The article presents the results of studies of the assessment of multi year dynamics of the volume of transboundary inflow of toxic compounds to the territory of Kazakhstan along the Zhaiyk River: synthetic surfactants, petroleum products, phenols, boron and a number of heavy metals. On the basis of analysis of long-term material of the State monitoring of “Kazhydromet” RSE, the volume of transboundary inflow and peculiarities of transformation of toxic compounds runoff along the river flow are considered, also taking into account natural and anthropogenic factors influence. A study of the environmental contaminants present in the territory of Kazakhstan reveals the presence of priority pollutants, including phenols, petroleum products, iron, and hexavalent chromium. The significant level of river water contamination by these toxic compounds is attributable to two primary factors: transboundary runoff and the entry of industrial and other wastewater into the river system within the Republic’s territory. The maximum runoff of toxic compounds in the country is observed during the spring season. This phenomenon is attributed to the occurrence of spring floods, which serve to exacerbate denudation processes within the catchment area of the river. The elevated levels of hexavalent chromium in the water of the Zhaiyk river are associated with the presence of tailing ponds and other facilities of industrial enterprises, both in Kazakhstan and Russia. The data with references to the works of leading scientists of the Russian Federation are given. This data includes information about determining influence of numerous objects of mining and metallurgical industry of the Russian Federation and also the technogenic metamorphization of chemical composition of water in the upper reaches of the Zhaiyk River. The article shows the role of transboundary f low of the Zhaiyk River as the main factor in the formation of the regime of toxic substances on the territory of Kazakhstan. The work quantifies the volume of transboundary inflow of these compounds and its seasonal dynamics.
heavy metals , toxic compounds , transboundary runoff (flow , water quality
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JSC, Institute of Geography and Water Security, Almaty, Kazakhstan
International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea (IFAS, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
JSC
International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea (IFAS
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