Preparation of Polymer-based Composite Films using Cellulose Derived from Agricultural Waste

Altynov Y.A. Rakhimova B.U. Zhantikeyev U. Bexeitova K.S. Azat S. Nazhipkyzy M. Kudaibergenov К.К.
September 2025 Engineered Science Publisher

ES Materials and Manufacturing
2025 #29

This study explores the production of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) through delignification of agricultural biomass and investigates its physicochemical properties. Rice husks and wheat straw served as primary biomass sources. The influence of the biomass-to-peroxyacetic acid ratio on MCC yield was systematically evaluated, with optimal yields of 70% from wheat straw and 85% from rice husks at biomass-to-reagent ratios of 1:14 and 1:16, respectively. Gel films were fabricated using rice husk-derived MCC and sodium alginate, and their hydrolytic degradation behavior was assessed. In an acidic environment (pH 4.08), the films exhibited 66% mass loss over 7 days, demonstrating pH sensitivity and biodegradability. Surface morphology analysis (SEM) revealed cellulose particles of 7–10 µm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the semi-crystalline nature with a crystallinity index of (61 ± 5)%. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified characteristic functional groups, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated good thermal stability. Tensile testing showed a tensile strength of 7.68 MPa, elongation at break of 18.9%, and a Young’s modulus of 173 MPa. The proposed MCC production method offers a simplified, eco-friendly alternative by avoiding hazardous reagents and high-pressure conditions, contributing to sustainable material development.

Agricultural waste , Gel films , Microcrystalline cellulose , Rice husk , Sodium alginate

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Satbayev University, Satbayev Street 22, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Kazakh National Womens Teacher Training University, Gogol street 114/8, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan

Satbayev University
Kazakh National Womens Teacher Training University
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

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