Symphysis pubis dysfunction: What we know and still have to learn… (A literature review)
Altymova A.K. Amanzholkyzy A. Gubasheva G.K. Donayeva A.E. Kulzhanova D.S. Karimsakova B.K. Kosmuratova S.B.
2025Kaz Med Print LLP
Reproductive Medicine (Central Asia)
2025#2025Issue 157 - 66 pp.
Relevance: Symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD) is a disorder that leads to disturbances in its structure and function. SPD can also cause divergence of the pubic symphysis during pregnancy, which can manifest itself as pain syndrome and gait disturbance. Despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and optimal treatment strategies for SPD remain unclear. The study aimed to synthesize the available data for a holistic understanding of SPD during pregnancy and childbirth. Materials and Methods: This systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and eLibrary databases. The included studies investigated the etiology, diagnosis, and management of SPD during pregnancy. Results: This review highlighted the multifactorial nature of SPD, with hormonal factors, biomechanical changes, and individual predispositions playing significant roles. Diagnostic methods, including ultrasound and clinical assessment, are widely used but lack standardization. Treatment approaches vary widely and often include conservative measures, such as physical therapy and pain management, as well as surgical interventions in severe cases. Conclusion: SPD is a complex condition that significantly impacts women’s quality of life. While conservative management is often effective, further research is needed to establish evidence-based guidelines for SPD diagnostics and treatment. Future studies should focus on identifying reliable biomarkers, developing standardized diagnostic criteria, and evaluating the long-term outcomes of different treatment approaches.
calcium and magnesium deficiency , pregnancy , relaxin , symphysiopathy , Symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD) , vitamin D
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Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Department of Normal Physiology
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 2
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